通过URL分类控制用户访问的网站

小乔

组网需求

如图5-6所示，DeviceA作为企业网关部署在网络边界，对用户访问外部网络的URL访问请求进行URL过滤。

公司有研发部门员工和市场部门员工两类，具体需求如下：

• 研发部门员工只可以在每天的09：00～17：00访问教育/科学类、搜索/门户类网站。其他网站均不能访问。
• 市场部门员工只可以在每天的09：00～17：00访问教育/科学类、搜索/门户类、社会焦点类网站。其他网站均不能访问。
  

图5-6 通过URL分类控制用户访问的网站

                               
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本例中interface1、interface2分别代表10GE0/0/1、10GE0/0/2。

                               
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配置思路

• 配置接口IP地址和安全区域，完成网络基本参数配置。
• 配置远程查询服务器，用来获取URL与预定义分类的对应关系。本例中教育/科学类、搜索/门户类、社会焦点类网站可以通过预定义分类来进行URL过滤控制。为了可以正常使用远程查询功能，需要进行如下配置：
  • 激活URL远程查询License并且确保该License在有效服务期内。
  • 配置DNS服务器，确保DeviceA可以正确解析isecurity.huawei.com。
  • 配置远程查询服务器的相关参数，包括查询方式、国家名称和超时时间。
  • 配置安全策略允许DeviceA访问调度中心isecurity.huawei.com。
    
• 针对研发部门员工和市场部门员工，新建两个URL过滤配置文件profile_url_research和profile_url_marketing，设置URL预定义分类的控制动作。
• 配置时间段。
• 配置两个安全策略，引用时间段和URL过滤配置文件等信息，实现对来自不同部门的员工的URL访问控制。
  

操作步骤操作步骤
配置接口IP地址和安全区域，完成网络基本参数配置。
<HUAWEI> system-view
[HUAWEI] sysname DeviceA
[DeviceA] interface 10ge 0/0/1
[DeviceA-10GE0/0/1] ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[DeviceA-10GE0/0/1] quit
[DeviceA] interface 10ge 0/0/2
[DeviceA-10GE0/0/2] ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
[DeviceA-10GE0/0/2] ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 sub
[DeviceA-10GE0/0/2] quit
[DeviceA] firewall zone untrust
[DeviceA-zone-untrust] add interface 10ge 0/0/1
[DeviceA-zone-untrust] quit
[DeviceA] firewall zone trust
[DeviceA-zone-trust] add interface 10ge 0/0/2
[DeviceA-zone-trust] quit
配置远程查询服务器，用来获取URL与预定义分类的对应关系。
激活License并且确保该License在有效服务期内。
配置DNS服务器。
[DeviceA] dns resolve
[DeviceA] dns server 10.2.0.70
配置远程查询服务器的相关参数，包括国家名称、超时时间和超时动作。
[DeviceA] country CN
[DeviceA] url-filter query timeout time 3 action allow
配置安全策略，允许DeviceA访问调度中心。
[DeviceA] security-policy
[DeviceA-policy-security] rule name policy_sec_huawei_com
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] source-zone local
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] destination-zone untrust
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] action permit
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] quit
[DeviceA-policy-security] quit
配置URL过滤配置文件。


通过display url-filter category pre-defined命令，可以查询到如下预定义分类和ID的对应关系。


17：教育/科学类（Education/Science）
15：搜索/门户类（Search Engines/Portals）
5：社会焦点类（Social Focus）
为研发部门配置URL过滤配置文件。
[DeviceA] profile type url-filter name profile_url_research
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] category pre-defined action block
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] category pre-defined category-id 15 action allow
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] category pre-defined category-id 17 action allow
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] quit
为市场部门配置URL过滤配置文件。
[DeviceA] profile type url-filter name profile_url_marketing
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category pre-defined action block
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category pre-defined category-id 5 action allow
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category pre-defined category-id 15 action allow
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category pre-defined category-id 17 action allow
[DeviceA-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] quit
配置时间段。
[DeviceA] time-range time_range 09:00 to 17:00 daily
在安全策略中应用URL过滤配置文件。
为研发部门配置安全策略。
[DeviceA] security-policy
[DeviceA-policy-security] rule name policy_sec_research
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] description Security policy of web access protect for research.
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] source-zone trust
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] destination-zone untrust
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] source-address 10.1.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] time-range time_range
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] action permit
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] profile url-filter profile_url_research
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] quit
为市场部门配置安全策略。
[DeviceA-policy-security] rule name policy_sec_marketing
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] source-zone trust
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] destination-zone untrust
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] time-range time_range
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] action permit
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] profile url-filter profile_url_marketing
[DeviceA-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] quit
[DeviceA-policy-security] quit
提交内容安全配置文件。
[DeviceA] engine configuration commit
Info: The operation may last for several minutes, please wait.
Info: URL submitted configurations successfully.
Info: Finish committing engine compiling.
检查配置结果
研发部门任何员工在09：00～17：00之间，可以访问教育/科学类、搜索/门户类网站，但是访问社会焦点类等其他网站时，都被阻断不能访问。


研发部门员工访问社会焦点类等其他网站时，管理员可以看到Type（过滤类型）为“Pre-defined”，Action（动作）为“Block”的URL日志信息（URL/4/FILTER）。


市场部门任何员工在09：00～17：00之间，可以访问教育/科学类、搜索/门户类、社会焦点类网站，但是访问其他网站时，都被阻断不能访问。


市场部门员工访问其他网站时，管理员可以看到Type（过滤类型）为“Pre-defined”，Action（动作）为“Block”的URL日志信息（URL/4/FILTER）。


配置脚本
#
sysname DeviceA
#
dns resolve
dns server 10.2.0.70
#
country CN
#
time-range time_range 09:00 to 17:00 daily
#
interface 10GE0/0/1
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface 10GE0/0/2
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 sub
#
firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface 10GE0/0/2
#
firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface 10GE0/0/1
#
profile type url-filter name profile_url_research
category pre-defined subcategory-id 101 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 102 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 162 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 163 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 164 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 165 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 103 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 104 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 105 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 106 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 108 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 177 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 251 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 233 action block
profile type url-filter name profile_url_marketing                                          
category pre-defined subcategory-id 101 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 102 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 162 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 104 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 206 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 229 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 142 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 144 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 146 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 147 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 211 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 253 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 149 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 214 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 151 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 218 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 219 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 220 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 221 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 222 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 223 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 230 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 252 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 152 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 153 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 238 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 154 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 155 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 224 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 225 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 156 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 157 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 158 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 231 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 232 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 159 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 254 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 160 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 161 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 176 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 226 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 234 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 235 action block
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#
security-policy
rule name policy_sec_huawei_com
  source-zone local
  destination-zone untrust
  action permit
rule name policy_sec_research
  description Security policy of web access protect for research.
  source-zone trust
  destination-zone untrust
  source-address 10.1.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
  time-range time_range
  profile url-filter profile_url_research
  action permit
rule name policy_sec_marketing
  description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.
  source-zone trust
  destination-zone untrust
  source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
  time-range time_range
  profile url-filter profile_url_marketing
  action permit
#
return

mawr1985