完整的rip与ospf高级配置

jinsem1 · 发表于 2009-11-13 14:09:29

一:实验背景:

东天公司的规模越来越大,网络也越来越复杂,公司吞并了一个小公司,但是和这个公司网络合并时,却无法直接接入OSPF的骨干区域,网络条目也越来越多.
为了减少路由条目的数目,要求对路由条目进行汇总.

二:实验目的:

1:通过虚链路实现Area 3与骨干区域的相连
2:分别实现路由汇总(区域内路由汇总和外部路由汇总),实现路由汇总后查看路由条目.
3:实现全网络的路由.

三:实验拓扑
一:实验背景:

东天公司的规模越来越大,网络也越来越复杂,公司吞并了一个小公司,但是和这个公司网络合并时,却无法直接接入OSPF的骨干区域,网络条目也越来越多.
为了减少路由条目的数目,要求对路由条目进行汇总.

二:实验目的:

1:通过虚链路实现Area 3与骨干区域的相连
2:分别实现路由汇总(区域内路由汇总和外部路由汇总),实现路由汇总后查看路由条目.
3:实现全网络的路由.

三:实验拓扑

[img]file:///C:/DOCUME~1/ADMINI~1/LOCALS~1/Temp/STOBJ0%60P]~~%60[]DXAI%7BGS0G.jpg[/img]

三:实验步骤:
1:先配置多区域的OSPF,打通全网路由，注意,发布环回接口.
2:区域3无法与骨干区域直接相连，所以先用虚链路连接到骨干区域。
3:将外部路由重新发布到ospf.
4: 配置NSSA和Totally Stubby区域.
5: 在ASBR和ABR上分别做路由汇总.(在R3和R2上用环回接口模拟几个网段,做汇总)
说明实验现象.

实验步骤：
: b# {% v# b1 i  F1、基本配置，配置接口IP及环回接口IP
8 U/ I: x+ }5 [: a1 Z% t5 VR1(config)#inter loo 0
6 r7 @1 p% z/ Q; }$ ^R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 - {4 u+ g; M! I; t1 \
R1(config-if)#interface f0/0 # _* s. D! W- s/ p: m
R1(config-if)#no shut
* Y+ j' o9 C( n: h; ^+ RR1(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
, n; z. F# l* c( E( QR1(config-if)#interface f1/0
# U$ r8 v5 ]8 O( w* ?  v; j. |R1(config-if)#no shut
( J+ @0 M: d- v: V% }- MR1(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
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# i/ B8 h) G2 zR2(config)#interface loo 0
3 ~+ p) F7 T- s7 w3 I5 OR2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
, ?$ S# h* ^, Z& N- e& {R2(config-if)#interface f0/0
( i$ ]2 o* a3 ~R2(config-if)#no shut & `2 B! V" j; f  M
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
+ F) e' i) q8 w% vR2(config-if)#no shut
8 g) F2 a7 O& s, q; dR2(config-if)#interface f1/0
4 X1 d& j0 s+ I) [! K7 JR2(config-if)#no shut 3 q* D! T& V, y, a1 V- m+ r$ d
R2(config-if)#ip add 20.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 3 j$ j. o4 [3 N4 y' v
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R3(config)#interface loo 0
# q' o+ P& e8 Z) {! YR3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 # Q! Y: Q; c* {+ W
R3(config-if)#interface f0/0
" T+ a7 o, N* F2 kR3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#ip add 21.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 7 s8 f: Z3 G8 q- S5 Y# u
R3(config-if)#interface f1/0
, D$ h+ t4 j+ X0 c% r: D% N7 ZR3(config-if)#no shut
# l9 h% K9 y6 N- G7 n) z$ s" f/ aR3(config-if)#ip add 20.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
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R4(config)#interface loo 0 ! ?. [* s  V9 [0 k; N7 ?  M2 A$ C
R4(config-if)#ip add 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 4 u; B3 O9 ]; F  u$ g! v, F
R4(config-if)#interface f0/0
3 w* M5 ?; o* k, DR4(config-if)#no shut
7 X& F. z% R2 e/ H* Y5 [2 x( |; M6 h2 NR4(config-if)#ip add 30.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! y! T4 y, @* E+ N
R4(config-if)#interface f1/0 5 z- y+ b$ |7 ~
R4(config-if)#no shut
! L, s2 P+ F5 s; _: }R4(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
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R5(config)#interface loo 0
4 s3 |7 |. L" L5 e9 u" ~3 ER5(config-if)#ip add 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255
; E" c4 O+ q: k/ wR5(config-if)#interface f0/0 3 i6 T6 a. d& u6 ~" J6 c9 Z
R5(config-if)#no shut 7 _) V9 X: ?5 B0 l% x
R5(config-if)#ip add 30.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 4 P+ r; X8 w0 P5 a" E
R5(config-if)#interface f1/0 3 W! I( a  W4 ~
R5(config-if)#no shut ; x' |% K; ]) Y' X9 L
R5(config-if)#ip add 31.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 , S% @$ H9 t5 L# Q- U1 M7 b$ N2 T; d
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" Z- F% J' k/ l, IR6(config-if)#interface loo 0 - a* c+ B) s; K$ k5 f5 M
R6(config-if)#ip add 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255
$ H2 {$ V$ X8 a$ t' J) QR6(config-if)#interface f1/0 + V# Y# v$ G4 X0 w. t
R6(config-if)#ip add 31.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
3 Z9 ^& }, h# F) b) ?% CR6(config-if)#no shut
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R7(config)#interface loo 0
2 p1 `7 I# U+ z) N- `; nR7(config-if)#ip add 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
! Y( I$ Q6 {1 K" a5 q" _5 WR7(config-if)#interface f0/0 $ o* X3 j  K7 G2 `7 L
R7(config-if)#no shut   G' D, m- h' j# ]* R& P
R7(config-if)#ip add 21.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
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R4#ping 30.1.1.2
$ e. [. {( }2 d2 b7 B* f" N& dType escape sequence to abort. / M- x3 W0 _/ T
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 30.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds: 4 w) _* T) `! Z- F* _7 n. d* D
.!!!! ( G* w1 R8 u" p* v7 L: i
//现在相邻的设备之间已经可以Ping 通了
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2、打通全网路由 " R3 X4 N4 s4 y* w7 O% l
R1(config)#router os 110
# B( C8 w" F4 ^5 n; H! bR1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0   b' W9 g8 k" W, o6 p5 p' y$ P; O
R1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 0
) C. j5 Z  H4 R9 {! J6 JR1(config-router)#network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 0 + P  u7 H; [- m% B4 G+ R( A. E

8 u, f" z  }- V8 x/ jR2(config)#router os 110
- X5 V; o3 ]5 S# n/ W; k) jR2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 ar 0 $ X% s) s7 n( X/ F3 T
R2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 0
5 G4 W( }; ?: C7 g. L( ~R2(config-router)#network 20.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar
7 ^( Y$ r4 V" }( g* m7 ^R2(config-router)#network 20.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 1
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R3(config)#router os 110 4 x& a! h; n% \( M: G  L1 I3 s% Q
R3(config-router)#network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 ar 1 5 T. `2 ^% k4 C8 V" M
R3(config-router)#network 20.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 1
! N" _; y9 J4 X+ UR3(config-router)#exit 8 C  X/ u4 `2 W4 c  T2 Z1 y6 Q4 l  L6 x
R3(config)#router rip             //R3为ASBR，连接两个不同的自治系统。 # [1 d' O" N* [
R3(config-router)#version 2 - v9 K! `+ d1 ?3 X$ C8 f$ Z9 ?
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
5 {4 l4 s# `# G2 AR3(config-router)#network 21.1.1.0
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R4(config)#router os 110
! D3 \' @7 c2 c8 G0 VR4(config-router)#network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 ar 0
( W# f- |/ S* X7 e! `' B2 CR4(config-router)#network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 0
' [5 F( @8 w8 w8 p) YR4(config-router)#network 30.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 2
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5 H+ C: c  J% j* C: z+ F, ]R5(config)#router os 110
3 D, `( ^- \9 s/ AR5(config-router)#network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 ar 2
, R7 ?; Q8 T+ @5 J7 JR5(config-router)#network 30.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 2 1 N1 Q6 b1 y6 P- E2 @
R5(config-router)#network 31.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 3
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5 K0 u6 U, O' W) w  u/ Y5 IR6(config)#router os 110 $ ~6 m4 O: }1 d3 _  W* r9 ]; t
R6(config-router)#network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0 ar 3 & F% f$ }: e7 m: s; u
R6(config-router)#network 31.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 3 * t0 ?/ Q; R: r" q

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! w$ Q( o& ?( t# L( J9 n% X/ d9 SR7(config)#router rip 8 k  X( V$ O# @6 P
R7(config-router)#version 2
5 o2 f6 i9 V# ^( P# H' [R7(config-router)#no auto-summary - f% R& g/ W6 N6 h2 p% w
R7(config-router)#network 7.7.7.7 $ u& P# S0 J+ v- ^- o6 i
R7(config-router)#network 21.1.1.0 ) n- X  v# `" c- ?& h( b; |

. y2 `8 r& ?& f. ]& t0 DR4#show ip route
1 _6 Y- X% m3 f, c0 j' k% a 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets ) E, }' A  @2 i9 \, \; u- }/ R. N1 R
O    1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:04:41, FastEthernet1/0 8 a! ?& U' q- S/ T% U2 }6 u
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets - U- [- e; @5 h' ^4 a( A! {; m$ _3 _) J
O    2.2.2.2 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:04:41, FastEthernet1/0
" I4 N* p3 I% T1 F 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets , v6 g3 |5 W4 \: Y. \- O) J
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/4] via 11.1.1.1, 00:03:25, FastEthernet1/0 ' y' k' T6 M' N) |% N
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets , I- P& Z, Q  }4 M8 u
C    4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
5 H; [, C# p1 H! R$ O( j! T' Y7 c 20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
  Y$ A9 ^+ n( g% ~9 G$ _O IA 20.1.1.0 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:03:25, FastEthernet1/0
* x7 y( g3 v3 G2 B% W 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
8 n" K. a! I4 t" w# t; ]- _O    5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:03:25, FastEthernet0/0 0 H# U1 Q* C$ C( i4 v% ]5 ?* c
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets ) Y6 J" V- N1 ?  s* {
O    10.1.1.0 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:04:43, FastEthernet1/0
( _$ c  t7 ~- M6 H* V. A: p 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets % n& h. E1 c2 Y' p( ^
C    11.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
' K$ n4 v5 ^7 ?! d3 A 30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
+ Y* m) T" D! Z; A  U  }C    30.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
/ A# S) \0 F% C$ _; Z
5 P" T0 d4 g% R: D8 O$ {2 {# b# Z//查看R4的路由表可以看出R4学到了本区域的及其它OSPF区域的路由信息，但是没有Area 3 以及RIP自治系统的路由信息，这是因为Area 3 没有和骨干区域直连，RIP和OSPF属于不同的自治系统，不能直接学习路由信息。
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3、配置虚链路
+ W( k% B! A8 `( y% O; I+ Q# [R4(config)#router os 110 * y; U3 F: w( L: r6 S/ l, w
R4(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 5.5.5.5 , O# _# G0 r/ X5 H0 b, `

3 v5 ~; U  A# t* J8 q8 YR5(config)#router os 110
) T* D# P, ]# h- N. r, w+ m- o3 D. P1 fR5(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 4.4.4.4
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( q, {( ]5 x$ }+ l; j- x/ ?再次查看R4的路由表
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R4#show ip route $ C- ^; i. }% K7 Y, b
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
4 C8 \4 G  w+ s- Q# hO    1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0 + S8 b" B$ j7 w0 x: h$ B
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
9 c$ C3 _" n' L& R# Y  q; IO    2.2.2.2 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0
' s5 W9 B$ F# Q9 f2 y 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets 7 S& N, d. ]% T: O7 k" H3 u6 O8 [$ u
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/4] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0 + m. z) S* b, W& a' @/ R! y! d
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets   d: x3 \! g8 L
C    4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
4 w# |, R2 X. \: [$ n 20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- q+ C5 z' ^: {) A- @! i: I" qO IA 20.1.1.0 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0
' W) \% w+ j- l. `& n! r7 ~# K 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets * |* _4 D) \4 _4 @! X
O    5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0
8 ]! p: w( @9 p: U; J  c' U 6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets ) K1 c5 O- a6 Z" ^
O IA 6.6.6.6 [110/3] via 30.1.1.2, 00:00:27, FastEthernet0/0
: Z' ~4 h, E: k 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets , |$ I) C9 m: l; V
O    10.1.1.0 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/0
- }1 ^6 c; C2 ^. H, j; c 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets " l" [! P( o% j, z& M% q" U
C    11.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 & o4 n) Z2 n" \& A( J
31.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets / ]) J' g4 x3 [; T
O IA 31.1.1.0 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:00:27, FastEthernet0/0
8 c5 A! c, k) u- i: P3 S' n( U& x 30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
3 {1 o* e8 T( uC    30.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
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% p/ u6 j! |+ d//可以看到，添加完虚链路之后，就可以学习到Area 3的链路信息了,但是还是没有RIP路由协议的路由信息.
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1 p" J; G6 E( x& R' i5 z- r4、重分发 7 v9 a5 x" Z  c0 E# F  E
R3(config-router)#router os 110
' L  E5 A  H- W7 A; O9 j+ A/ FR3(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 100  subnets & l9 y$ `& G3 D+ y
R3(config-router)#router rip
6 Z. g: ^/ B; ?( @4 yR3(config-router)#redistribute os 110 metric 1 5 E, c* b# z0 }( s: {# @$ c
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//再次查看R4的路由表
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R4#show ip route # K0 f7 @% P; w: {6 g3 [
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets 1 i; C0 o' u) t+ W
O    1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:37, FastEthernet1/0
8 ]& U1 X1 F$ |, I) ]& Y 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
5 R8 [2 F7 y- y( }7 EO    2.2.2.2 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:37, FastEthernet1/0 * X2 U5 S0 L: E* h- c! H, S
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets 9 _: H( f! j7 p+ n& J
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/4] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:37, FastEthernet1/0 $ w, I1 C% e4 L. y4 E& ^
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets - i2 e  O) v6 G! A
C    4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0 , C1 m! z0 y8 R1 M, ~  x
21.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets $ x/ i) T6 h; M* _2 a/ ?+ F
O E2 21.1.1.0 [110/100] via 11.1.1.1, 00:06:11, FastEthernet1/0 # m' {5 e) ?7 b9 n3 L; T$ m
20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets " v% a( S) n! ]. E: ~
O IA 20.1.1.0 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:37, FastEthernet1/0
7 @8 A7 q$ ]8 ^ 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
4 y, U9 c6 s4 Q$ ~; j# wO    5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:14:38, FastEthernet0/0 5 D6 Q+ ^7 \" k8 d$ o" T+ Z
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
+ K7 C4 C6 N" q: RO IA 6.6.6.6 [110/3] via 30.1.1.2, 00:14:38, FastEthernet0/0
7 H7 E' ~( B" q 7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets * v5 j1 Q& p' g' v) b! J5 }% c
O E2 7.7.7.7 [110/100] via 11.1.1.1, 00:06:13, FastEthernet1/0 ' B  m# ?* R0 s* d
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
( s' B+ k. _, y  R$ UO    10.1.1.0 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:38, FastEthernet1/0
3 s+ ^/ h6 y* K- m, Y 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
! P$ m6 {- i$ }$ f2 ]- ^C    11.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 " e. v7 Q  l' o" P9 d
31.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
' [7 y7 e* T. N& ^" ^O IA 31.1.1.0 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:14:38, FastEthernet0/0
( x* c$ ^" E4 E4 v2 v' { 30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
  I- L  F5 Y0 C) Y$ D# n1 ]) n4 RC    30.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 1 f+ L) e8 e! j5 t# Z1 e

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+ M- |* x- C$ v* C//可以看到现在R4上已经有了RIP路由协议的路由信息。
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4 f; Z0 g9 J; Y; p) [7 u0 E$ D
! ^: I' _% b2 a

" c  ^$ G+ L. _' D: B2 B
4 L  b% s: H- F8 x- B查看R7的路由表 1 ?2 K; I/ E  J% _# v8 Y! U' u

( Z, l* m% n4 S7 PR7(config-router)#do show ip route ) `- j$ ~6 L5 j8 @/ n, N% |
1.0.0.0/32 is submitted, 1 subnets . X! i8 Y) Q6 q# e0 N3 b2 g; r" R0 e8 @
R    1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0 2 ]! s: H3 ?0 _" F3 g# B2 H4 [" v
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
& O- F$ ]6 q- e7 Y) j2 TR    2.2.2.2 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0 2 b: K' q( r( e0 s* c
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets 9 x9 M. [+ o, H" ?  `. f
R    3.3.3.3 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0 ! {4 a5 N1 d6 t( P. j
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets , e3 p$ f0 k3 e/ I8 D: b
R    4.4.4.4 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0 9 A/ |8 B3 V  E  g
21.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets & V' t% j) a* F1 _3 d3 o* W; @6 P
C    21.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 8 E2 r: t# v( |
20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
3 d2 T9 o" ]( A+ Q' C" U2 OR    20.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0 9 e. a: D9 i- o& Z* A
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
9 r2 v1 i' M$ A0 Y6 hR    5.5.5.5 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
3 S, d, Q% j# g( t, ]' E2 x5 a 6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets ) D+ r3 y/ J9 d% M1 f3 F
R    6.6.6.6 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0 & m* h) X$ x+ E
7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets ) M! ?; o" @( ^7 G7 r
C    7.7.7.7 is directly connected, Loopback0
( ^1 M- s* R5 P' E  F! C 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
2 x# \# f$ @+ p7 Y* D+ h6 CR    10.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
4 o# M0 O; r/ k* j7 l 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets 3 F* G% X) M, w
R    11.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0 - t: p, K6 u) E# a. Y: t
31.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
7 P' V4 Z0 i" p5 ?6 ~! M7 ^5 BR    31.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
2 _$ g2 ]% c9 G: F) Q 30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets ( l  W% w) {$ |5 Z; w6 N) b# K6 x/ Y
R    30.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
3 t/ O6 R+ B* j: n: _
  t! ]/ ?3 B% k! @% S+ A) A//可以看到R7也学到了OSPF自治系统的路由信息。

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