CCNP组播实验配置（完整版）

鸿鹄 · 发表于 2010-8-21 17:12:17

一  实验目的
1)  理解 Multicast 的一些基本概念。
2)  掌握 pim dense-mode 的基本配置。
3)  理解 pim dense-mode 的 flood 和prune过程。
4)  理解 pim dense-mode  的 assert 机制
5)  掌握 cgmp 的配置，及其优点。
6)  掌握 pim sparse-mode的基本配置。
二、实验拓扑和器材需要路由器四台、交换机一台，主机三台（一台能作组播的服务器，需要 Server级的 windows操作系统）。
三、实验原理
1．组播基本原理
Multicast 应用在一点对多点、多点对多点的网络传输中，可以大大的减少网络的负载。因此，Multicast 广泛地应用在流媒体的传输、远程教学、视频/音频会议等网络应用方面。
Multicast 采用 D 类 IP 地址，即 224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255。其中 224.0.0.0~224.0.0.255是保留地址，239.0.0.0~239.255.255.255 是私有地址，类似于 unicast 的私有地址。
Multicast的IP地址与MAC地址的映射：MAC地址有48位，前面24位规定为01-00-5E，接着一位为 0，后面 23 位是 IP地址的后 23 位。
路由器间要通过组播协议（如 DVMRP、MOSPF、PIM）来建立组播树和转发组播数据包。组播树有两类：源树和共享树。
多播时，路由器采用组管理协议 IGMP来管理和维护主机参与组播。IGMP 协议 v1中，主机发送 report 包来加入组；路由器发送 query 包来查询主机（地址是 224.0.0.1），同一个组的同一个子网的主机只有一台主机成员响应，其它主机成员抑制响应。一般路由器要发送3 次query 包，如果 3 次都没响应，才认为组超时（约 3 分钟）。IGMPv2 中，主机可以发送leave 信息给路由器（地址 224.0.0.2）；路由器收到信息后，发送一个特别的 query 包，在 3秒内没收到组成员响应，就认为组超时。
由于组播的 MAC 不是具体某台主机的 MAC，根据交换机的工作原理，交换机会对组播数据包进行广播。因此，对某些不参加组播的主机而言，这些都是不必要的流。为了解决这个问题，cisco 公司开发了 CGMP协议。该协议用于管理参与组播的主机。每当有主机加入或离开某个组时，路由器就会把该主机的多播 IP地址（转换成组播 MAC 地址）、主机的C 地址以及消息类型（加入或离开）以 CGMP 消息告知交换机。交换机根据这些信息就可以建立起组播转发表。2．PIM 协议
Cisco 的路由器只支持 PIM 组播协议。PIM 是一种可利用多种单播路由表（如 EIGRP、OSPF、BGP 和静态路由等）的组播路由协议，它根据这些路由表实现组播数据的转发。尽管它是组播路由协议，然而它实际上只是使用单播路由表来完成 RPF 检验功能，并没有重新建立组播路由表。不像其他的路由协议，PIM 并不会在路由之间收发路由更新信息。
PIM分为Dense-mode与Sparse-mode两种。密集模式的PIM（PIM-DM）使用“推”的方式，把组播流向网络的各个地方转发，从而把流“推”给不同接收者。这种方式适用于网络中的各个子网都有接收者（即接收者密集）的情况。PIM-DM一开始向网络中的各处发组播流，路由器每隔3分钟检查一次自己是否还存在“下游”的邻居，如果没有（即它无需转发组播流），就把这个流“剪”掉（即不再转发）。路由器会积累数据流所带有的源和组的信息，使得“下游”的路由器可以建立它们的组播转发表。PIM-DM只支持源树，而无法使用共享树。
松散模式的PIM（PIM-SM）使用“拉”的方式，只有存在接收者的网段才会接收到数据流（即接收者把流“拉”出来）。PIM-SM通过在共享树中转发数据包来散布组播源的信息。PIM-SM使用共享树（至少在组播开始的时候需要使用），因此，它需要指定一个汇聚点（RP）。源在RP中“注册”后，数据就通过共享树转发到接收者。一旦其它路由器收到从共享树来的数据后，就知道了数据的源在哪里。于是，路由器就会向源发送PIM（S，G）加入信息。在反向路径上的每个路由器比较自己的单播路由表中它到RP的度量和它到源的度量，如果到源的度量更优，它就会继续发送PIM（S，G）加入信息。否则（包括度量相等的情况），PIM（S，G）信息就会沿着RP的方向来发送。这样，就生成了共享树和源树。如下图所示的单向共享树，靠近源的路由器先向RP注册，然后在源和RP之间生成源树，数据通过共享树（*，G）到达接收者。由于共享树并不是源到接收者的最优路径，因此，当流量超过某个门限值后，路由器会动态地生成源树。该门限值默认的情况为0（例如，在Cisco的路由器中，可通过ip pim spt-thresholdinfinity命令来修改该门限值）。同时，为了减轻RP的负担，在PIM-SM的第二个版本中，规定源要周期性的向RP注册，使得RP不必要维护大量的源的信息。五、实验步骤：

1．路由器基本配置
1）按上面的拓扑配置好各台路由器及主机的 IP地址；
2）启用 eigrp 协议，AS号为 100，配置 no auto-summary。
    2．每台路由器上启动 multicast-routing。
在全局配置模式下键入：(config)#ip multicast-routing
    3．路由器的每一个端口上配置 pim dense-mode
命令如下：
(config-if)#ip pim dense-mode
4．验证 multicast的相关命令
show ip pim neighbor  ：观察 pim邻居；
show ip pim interface  ：观察端口上的 pim信息；
show ip mroute  ：观察 multicast 路由表；
debug ip pim  ：显示 pim的 debug 信息；
debug ip igmp  ：显示 igmp 信息。
5． Multicast验证
验证分为四个阶段进行验证，都采用第 4 点所列出的命令
1)  在服务器未连接时（拔掉与 server连接的线）只看到关于 224.0.1.40 的多播组的信息，看不到其它多播组的信息。
2)  接上与服务器连接的网线，但 client还未连接可以看到服务器上启动的节目组的多播组信息。但由于没有 client，稳定状况下所有端口都是 prune 状态的。
3)  在 client 端打开 media player，连接上服务器访问组播用以下命令：http://192.168.5.2/station1.nsc。打开服务器上的*.nsc文件,等读取了*.nsc文件信息后，就自动开始播放节目，因.nsc文件中已经包含访问组播服务器所需要的组播IP地址、端口号、流媒体文件等信息。这时就可以看到一些端口的状态由 prune 变成 forward，打开 debug ip igmp 就可以看到主机加入某个组的信息。
4)  断开 client 与服务器的连接，即关闭 media player的播放可以看到主机离开某个组的信息，并且在 show ip mroute 后发现某些端口已经有forward 变为prune。
6．配置 cgmp
1)  配置前，在 switch 上用 show mac-address-table以及show cgmp 查看一下相关信息，以同配置后的信息进行对比。
2)  在 A及 Switch 上配置 cgmp。对于路由器 A，配置命令是在端口（连接主机的以太网口）模式下，键入：
      (config-if)#ip cgmp
   对于 Switch，配置命令是：
      （config）＃cgmp leave-processing
   3) 验证
      在 A上，用 debug ip cgmp 查看debug信息；在 Switch 上用命令debug cgmp 查看debug 信息。但要注意 1900 没有debug命令。
      在Switch上再用命令show mac-address-table以及show cgmp看看前后有什么不同。7．配置 pim sparse-mode(配置之前要把 PIM Dense-mode  的设置去掉)
   1）基本配置
   每台路由器上启动 multicast-routing。
在全局配置模式下键入：(config)#ip multicast-routing
路由器的每一个端口上配置 pim dense-mode
命令如下：(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode //配置了 RP后自动为 sparse-mode 式，
否则为 dense-mode。
2） static-RP 的 PIM-SM
静态 RP 的配置时，只需要在连接有 client 的路由器上配置，用于指定需要去注册的 RP 的 IP 地址。还可以通过相应的 ACL 来控制哪些组的 RP 是谁。一台路由上可以指定多个 RP。
静态指定 RP 时，RP 那台路由器并不需要知道它自己就是 RP。这就是说 RP 无需本身无需配置。
    A、C和 D的配置一样：
Router (config)#access-list 20 deny 224.0.1.39
Router (config)#access-list 20 deny 224.0.1.40
Router (config)#access-list 20 permit 224.0.0.0 15.255.255.255
Router(config)#ip pim rp-address 10.10.10.10 20 //10.10.10.10 为 RouterB 的回环接口地址
    B 的配置：
Router (config)#int loopback 0
Router (config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.10 255.255.255.0
Router (config-if)#no shut
Router (config)#router eigrp 100
Router (config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255
验证：1) show ip pim rp  或 show ip pim rp mappings
      2)  与密集模式的相同。
3)  auto-RP的 PIM-SM
由于静态指定 RP必须为每一台末端（连接有 client）的路由器手工配置 RP，且当 RP 改变时还要手动进行更改，带来很大的管理工作量。而自动 RP 则可以解决这个问题。自动 RP 模型中，分为候选 RP 和 RP 映射代理。前者可以配置作为某些组的候选 RP 而以 224.0.1.39 多播组地址向后者通告；后者接收这些信息后再以 224.0.1.40得多播组地址通告候选 RP的信息。末端路由器接收到这个 224.0.1.40多播组的信息后就可以知道有哪些 RP，并且这些 RP 对应哪些多播组，从而可以自动发现 RP。
候选 RP 和 RP 映射代理可以相互独立，不一定属于同一台路由器。但为了可靠起见，而通常将它们合为一体。本实验中 B 是两者合为一体的，但 C 则只是候选 RP通告而不做 RP映射代理。
A和 D的配置一样：
Router(config)#access-list 20 deny 224.0.1.39
Router(config)#access-list 20 deny 224.0.1.40
Router(config)#access-list 20 permit 224.0.0.0 15.255.255.255
Router(config)#ip pim rp-address 1.1.1.1 20
// 1.1.1.1 为不存在的地址，目的是让些非自动 RP通告的多播组找不到 RP。
      在协议中这称为 sink RP。
B 的配置：
Router (config)#access-list 20 deny 224.0.1.39
Router (config)#access-list 20 deny 224.0.1.40
Router (config)#access-list 20 permit 224.0.0.0 15.255.255.255
Router (config)#ip pim rp-address 1.1.1.1 20 //注释同上
Router (config)#access-list 30 permit 224.2.80.80 //作为 224.2.80.80 组的候选 RP
Router(config)#ip pim send-rp-announce loopback 0 scope 32 group-list 30
      //作为符合 ACL30 条件的多播组的候选 RP而向 RP mapping Agent 通告
Router(config)#ip pim send-rp-discovery loopback 0 scope 32
      //作为 RP的 mapping Agent 而向 224.0.1.40 组通告 RP的信息
C的配置：
Router (config)#int loopback 0
Router (config-if)#ip address 10.10.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router (config-if)#no shut
Router (config)#router eigrp 100
Router (config-router)#network 10.10.20.0 0.0.0.255
Router (config)#access-list 20 deny 224.0.1.39
Router (config)#access-list 20 deny 224.0.1.40
Router (config)#access-list 20 permit 224.0.0.0 15.255.255.255
Router (config)#ip pim rp-address 1.1.1.1 20 //注释同上
Router (config)#access-list 30 permit 224.2.169.22
Router(config)#ip pim send-rp-announce loopback 0 scope 32 group-list 30
验证：同静态 RP。 七、实验结果
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////no server
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
（1）  Router_C
debug ip igmp/pim:
00:30:03: IGMP: Send v2 Report for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
00:30:03: IGMP: Received v2 Report on FastEthernet0 from 192.168.4.1 for 224.0.1.40
00:30:03: IGMP: Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from 192.168.4.1 for 0
sources
00:30:03: IGMP: Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40
00:30:16: PIM: Send v2 Hello on FastEthernet0
00:30:21: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial0
00:30:21: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.0.2
00:30:21: PIM: Hello packet has unknown option 20, ignored
00:30:23: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial1 from 192.168.1.2
00:30:24: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial1
00:30:46: PIM: Send v2 Hello on FastEthernet0
00:30:51: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial0
00:30:51: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.0.2
00:30:51: PIM: Hello packet has unknown option 20, ignored
00:30:53: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial1 from 192.168.1.2
00:30:54: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial1
00:31:00: IGMP: Send v2 general Query on FastEthernet0
00:31:00: IGMP: Set report delay time to 2.2 seconds for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
00:31:03: IGMP: Send v2 Report for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
00:31:03: IGMP: Received v2 Report on FastEthernet0 from 192.168.4.1 for 224.0.1.40
00:31:03: IGMP: Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from 192.168.4.1 for 0
sources
00:31:03: IGMP: Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40
00:31:16: PIM: Send v2 Hello on FastEthernet0
00:31:21: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial0
00:31:21: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.0.2
00:31:21: PIM: Hello packet has unknown option 20, ignored
00:31:23: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial1 from 192.168.1.2
00:31:24: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial1
00:31:46: PIM: Send v2 Hello on FastEthernet0
00:31:51: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial0
00:31:51: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.0.2
00:31:51: PIM: Hello packet has unknown option 20, ignored
00:31:53: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial1 from 192.168.1.2
00:31:54: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial1
00:32:00: IGMP: Send v2 general Query on FastEthernet0
00:32:00: IGMP: Set report delay time to 3.8 seconds for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
00:32:04: IGMP: Send v2 Report for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
00:32:04: IGMP: Received v2 Report on FastEthernet0 from 192.168.4.1 for 224.0.1.40
00:32:04: IGMP: Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from 192.168.4.1 for 0
sources
00:32:04: IGMP: Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40 Router_C#sh ip mrou
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
            L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
            T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry,
            X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement,
            U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched
Timers: Uptime/Expires
Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode
(*, 224.0.1.40), 00:26:52/00:00:00, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: DCL
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial1, Forward/Dense, 00:26:43/00:00:00
      Serial0, Forward/Dense, 00:26:47/00:00:00
FastEthernet0, Forward/Dense, 00:26:52/00:00:00
    Router_C#sh ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Neighbor       Interface             Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address                                                                                     Prio/Mode
192.168.0.2       Serial0                         00:28:48/00:01:29 v2    1 / S
192.168.1.2       Serial1                         00:28:44/00:01:30 v2    1 / B S
Router_C#sh ip pim interface
Address       Interface             Ver/ Nbr Query  DR DR
                                          Mode Count  Intvl  Prior
192.168.4.1       FastEthernet0                v2/D 0       30    1       192.168.4.1
192.168.0.1       Serial0                         v2/D 1       30    1    0.0.0.0
192.168.1.1       Serial1                         v2/D 1       30    1    0.0.0.0
（2）  Router_A
    show ip mroute
01:12:33: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial0/1
01:12:33: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0/1 from 192.168.1.1route
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
            L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
            T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry,
            X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement,
            U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, s - SSM
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched
Timers: Uptime/Expires
Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode
(*, 224.0.1.40), 00:11:33/00:00:00, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: DCL
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0/1, Forward/Dense, 00:11:33/00:00:00
FastEthernet0/0, Forward/Dense, 00:11:33/00:00:00

（3）  Router_B
RouterB#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Neighbor       Interface             Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address                                                                                     Prio/Mode
192.168.2.1       Ethernet0                      01:08:38/00:01:39 v2    1 / S
192.168.3.1       Serial0                         00:45:55/00:01:15 v2    1 / S
RouterB# show ip mroute
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
            L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
            T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry,
            X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate MSDP Advertisement,
            U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, Z - Multicast Tunnel
            Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched
   Timers: Uptime/Expires
   Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode
(*, 224.0.1.40), 01:09:10/00:02:53, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: DCL
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Dense, 00:46:25/00:00:00
      Ethernet0, Forward/Dense, 01:09:10/00:00:00 RouterB#debug ip pim
PIM debugging is on
RouterB#debug ip igmp
IGMP debugging is on
RouterB#
*Mar 1 01:10:15.123: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1
*Mar 1 01:10:19.039: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:10:20.694: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.3.1
*Mar 1 01:10:28.959: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Serial0
*Mar 1 01:10:41.125: IGMP(0): Received v2 Query on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1
*Mar 1 01:10:41.129: IGMP(0): Set report delay time to 3.6 seconds for 224.0.1.40 on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:10:44.780: IGMP(0): Send v2 Report for 224.0.1.40 on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:10:44.784: IGMP(0): Received  v2 Report on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.2 for
224.0.1.40
*Mar 1 01:10:44.787: IGMP(0): Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from
192.168.2.2 for 0 sources
*Mar 1 01:10:44.791: IGMP(0): MRT Add/Update Ethernet0 for (*,224.0.1.40) by 0
*Mar 1 01:10:44.795: IGMP(0): Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40
*Mar 1 01:10:45.141: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1
*Mar 1 01:10:48.799: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:10:50.724: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.3.1
*Mar 1 01:10:58.719: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Serial0
*Mar 1 01:11:15.166: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1
*Mar 1 01:11:18.670: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:11:20.777: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.3.1
*Mar 1 01:11:28.662: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Serial0
*Mar 1 01:11:41.149: IGMP(0): Received v2 Query on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1
*Mar 1 01:11:41.153: IGMP(0): Set report delay time to 6.6 seconds for 224.0.1.40 on Ethernet0
*Mar  1  01:11:45.165: IGMP(0): Received v2 Report  on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1 for
224.0.1.40
*Mar 1 01:11:45.169: IGMP(0): Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from
192.168.2.1 for 0 sources
*Mar 1 01:11:45.172: IGMP(0): Cancel report for 224.0.1.40 on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:11:45.176: IGMP(0): MRT Add/Update Ethernet0 for (*,224.0.1.40) by 0
*Mar 1 01:11:45.180: IGMP(0): Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40
*Mar 1 01:11:45.184: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1
*Mar 1 01:11:48.573: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:11:50.795: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.3.1
*Mar 1 01:11:58.505: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Serial0
*Mar 1 01:12:15.171: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1
*Mar 1 01:12:18.353: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:12:20.865: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.3.1
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////server on , no multicast stream
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////(1)Router_C
    debug ip igmp/pim
00:58:00: IGMP: Send v2 general Query on FastEthernet0
00:58:00: IGMP: Set report delay time to 9.2 seconds for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthersh ip mroute
Router_C#clear ip mrou *
Router_C#
00:58:10: IGMP: Send v2 Report for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
00:58:10: IGMP: Received v2 Report on FastEthernet0 from 192.168.4.1 for 224.0.1.40
00:58:10: IGMP: Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from 192.168.4.1 for 0
sources
00:58:10: IGMP: Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40
00:58:11: IGMP: Send v2 Report for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
00:58:11: IGMP: Received v2 Report on FastEthernet0 from 192.168.4.1 for 224.0.1.40
00:58:11: IGMP: Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from 192.168.4.1 for 0
sources
00:58:11: IGMP: Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40
    00:58:12: PIM: Building Graft message for 224.0.1.40, Serial1: no entries
00:58:12: PIM: Building Graft message for 224.0.1.40, Serial0: no entries
00:58:12: PIM: Building Graft message for 224.0.1.40, FastEthernet0: no entries
00:58:16: PIM: Send v2 Hello on FastEthernet0
00:58:21: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial0
00:58:24: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.0.2
00:58:24: PIM: Hello packet has unknown option 20, ignored
00:58:24: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial1 from 192.168.1.2
00:58:24: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial1
00:58:46: PIM: Send v2 Hello on FastEthernet0
00:58:48: PIM: Send v2 Prune on Serial0 to 192.168.0.2 for (192.168.5.2/32, 224.2.184.234)—没
有 CILENT
00:58:48: PIM: Send v2 Prune on Serial0 to 192.168.0.2 for (192.168.5.2/32, 224.2.231.192)
00:58:51: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial0
00:58:54: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial1 from 192.168.1.2
00:58:54: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.0.2
00:58:54: PIM: Hello packet has unknown option 20, ignored
00:58:54: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial1
00:59:00: IGMP: Send v2 general Query on FastEthernet0
00:59:00: IGMP: Set report delay time to 7.0 seconds for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
00:59:07: IGMP: Send v2 Report for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet001:00:54: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.0.2
01:00:54: PIM: Hello packet has unknown option 20, ignored
01:00:54: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial1
01:01:00: IGMP: Send v2 general Query on FastEthernet0
01:01:00: IGMP: Set report delay time to 9.2 seconds for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
01:01:10: IGMP: Send v2 Report for 224.0.1.40 on FastEthernet0
01:01:10: IGMP: Received v2 Report on FastEthernet0 from 192.168.4.1 for 224.0.1.40
01:01:10: IGMP: Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from 192.168.4.1 for 0
sources
01:01:10: IGMP: Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40
01:01:16: PIM: Send v2 Hello on FastEthernet0
01:01:21: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial0
01:01:24: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial1 from 192.168.1.2
01:01:24: PIM: Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.0.2
01:01:24: PIM: Hello packet has unknown option 20, ignored
01:01:24: PIM: Send v2 Hello on Serial1
Router_C#sh ip mroute
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
            L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
            T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry,
            X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement,
            U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched
Timers: Uptime/Expires
Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode
(*, 224.2.184.234), 00:14:56/00:02:59, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: D
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial1, Forward/Dense, 00:14:56/00:00:00
Serial0, Forward/Dense, 00:14:56/00:00:00

(192.168.5.2, 224.2.184.234), 00:01:12/00:01:47, flags: PT
      Incoming interface: Serial1, RPF nbr 192.168.1.2
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Prune/Dense, 00:01:12/00:01:47
(*, 224.2.231.192), 00:14:56/00:02:59, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: D
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list:
      Serial1, Forward/Dense, 00:15:02/00:00:00
      Serial0, Forward/Dense, 00:15:02/00:00:00
(192.168.5.2, 224.2.231.192), 00:01:18/00:01:41, flags: PT
      Incoming interface: Serial1, RPF nbr 192.168.1.2
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Prune/Dense, 00:01:18/00:01:41
(*, 224.0.1.40), 00:15:36/00:00:00, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: DCL
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial1, Forward/Dense, 00:15:36/00:00:00
      Serial0, Forward/Dense, 00:15:36/00:00:00
FastEthernet0, Forward/Dense, 00:15:36/00:00:00
Router_C#sh ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Neighbor       Interface             Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address                                                                                     Prio/Mode
192.168.0.2       Serial0                         01:03:12/00:01:38 v2    1 / S
192.168.1.2       Serial1                         01:03:08/00:01:37 v2    1 / B S
Router_C#sh ip pim int
Address       Interface             Ver/ Nbr Query  DR DR
                                          Mode Count  Intvl  Prior
192.168.4.1       FastEthernet0                v2/D 0       30    1       192.168.4.1
192.168.0.1       Serial0                         v2/D 1       30    1    0.0.0.0
192.168.1.1       Serial1                         v2/D 1       30    1    0.0.0.0
(2)Router_B
debug ip pim/igmp
*Mar 1 01:26:44.345: PIM(0): Send periodic v2 Hello on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:26:44.520: IGMP(0): Received  v2 Report on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1 for
224.0.1.40
*Mar 1 01:26:44.524: IGMP(0): Received Group record for group 224.0.1.40, mode 2 from
192.168.2.1 for 0 sources
*Mar 1 01:26:44.528: IGMP(0): Cancel report for 224.0.1.40 on Ethernet0
*Mar 1 01:26:44.532: IGMP(0): MRT Add/Update Ethernet0 for (*,224.0.1.40) by 0
*Mar 1 01:26:44.536: IGMP(0): Updating EXCLUDE group timer for 224.0.1.40
*Mar 1 01:26:45.524: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Ethernet0 from 192.168.2.1
*Mar 1 01:26:52.087: PIM(0): Received v2 Hello on Serial0 from 192.168.3.11  Fa0/13    Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/14    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/15    Fa0/13 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/16    Fa0/13 Fa0/15
                           1  Fa0/17    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/18    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/19    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/20    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/21    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/22    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/23    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/24    Fa0/13 Fa0/15 Fa0/16
0100.5e02.a916          1  Fa0/1    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/2    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/3    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/4    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/5    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/6    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/7    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/8    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/9    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/10    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/11    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/12    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/13    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/14    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/15    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/17    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/18    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/19    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/20    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/21    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/22    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/23    Fa0/16
                           1  Fa0/24    Fa0/16
Switch#

Switch# debug cgmp
CGMP debugging is on
Switch#
05:08:31: CGMP: Rx Host (00e0.4c43.7b20) Join for group 0100.5e02.5050 on Fa0/16, vlan 1
05:08:31: CGMP: Host 00e0.4c43.7b20 on Fa0/15, vlan 1 Joined group 0100.5e02.5050
05:08:38: CGMP: Rx Router (0007.5081.a001) Join on Fa0/16, vlan 1

RouterA#debug ip cgmp
CGMP debugging is on
RouterA#
05:11:40: CGMP: Received IGMP Report on FastEthernet0/1
05:11:40:    from 192.168.5.2 for 224.2.80.80
05:11:40: CGMP: Sending Join on FastEthernet0/1
05:11:40:    GDA 0100.5e02.5050, USA 00e0.4c43.7b20
05:11:45: CGMP: Sending self Join on FastEthernet0/1
05:11:45:    GDA 0000.0000.0000, USA 0007.5081.a001
05:12:08: CGMP: Received IGMP Report on FastEthernet0/1
05:12:08:    from 192.168.5.28 for 224.2.80.80
05:12:08: CGMP: Sending Join on FastEthernet0/1
05:12:08:    GDA 0100.5e02.5050, USA 00e0.4c43.5a00
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////pim  sparse mode
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////(1)  Router_C
Router_C#sh ip mrou
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
            L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
            T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry,
            X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement,
            U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched
Timers: Uptime/Expires
Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode
(*, 224.2.169.22), 00:00:31/00:02:59, RP 10.10.10.10, flags: SJC
      Incoming interface: Serial1, RPF nbr 192.168.1.2
   Outgoing interface list:
      FastEthernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:31/00:02:30
(192.168.5.2, 224.2.169.22), 00:00:30/00:02:59, flags: CJT
      Incoming interface: Serial1, RPF nbr 192.168.1.2
   Outgoing interface list:
      FastEthernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:30/00:02:30
(*, 224.0.1.39), 00:02:04/00:02:59, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: D
Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial1, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:02:04/00:00:00
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:02:05/00:00:00
(10.10.10.10, 224.0.1.39), 00:02:05/00:01:54, flags: PT
      Incoming interface: Serial1, RPF nbr 192.168.1.2
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Prune/Sparse-Dense, 00:01:05/00:01:54
(*, 224.0.1.40), 00:02:36/00:00:00, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: DCL
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial1, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:02:36/00:00:00
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:02:37/00:00:00
(192.168.2.2, 224.0.1.40), 00:02:08/00:02:50, flags: PCLT
      Incoming interface: Serial1, RPF nbr 192.168.1.2
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Prune/Sparse-Dense, 00:02:08/00:00:51
(192.168.3.2, 224.0.1.40), 00:02:08/00:02:50, flags: CLT
      Incoming interface: Serial0, RPF nbr 192.168.0.2
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial1, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:02:08/00:00:00
(*, 224.2.80.80), 00:01:24/00:02:44, RP 10.10.10.10, flags: SJP
      Incoming interface: Serial1, RPF nbr 192.168.1.2
   Outgoing interface list: Null
(192.168.5.2, 224.2.80.80), 00:01:24/00:02:25, flags: PJT
      Incoming interface: Serial1, RPF nbr 192.168.1.2
   Outgoing interface list: Null (3)  Router_B
RouterB#show ip mroute
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
            L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
            T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry,
            X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate MSDP Advertisement,
            U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, Z - Multicast Tunnel
            Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched
   Timers: Uptime/Expires
   Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode
   (*, 224.2.169.22), 00:10:37/stopped, RP 10.10.10.10, flags: S
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Ethernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:10:04/00:03:27
(192.168.5.2, 224.2.169.22), 00:10:37/00:02:43, flags: PT
      Incoming interface: Ethernet0, RPF nbr 192.168.2.1
   Outgoing interface list: Null
(*, 224.0.1.39), 00:12:09/00:02:14, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: DCL
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:12:10/00:00:00
      Ethernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:12:10/00:00:00
(*, 224.0.1.40), 00:12:10/stopped, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: DCL
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:12:10/00:00:00
      Ethernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:12:11/00:00:00
(192.168.3.2, 224.0.1.40), 00:00:46/00:02:44, flags: LT
      Incoming interface: Serial0, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Ethernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:46/00:00:00
(*, 224.2.80.80), 00:10:38/stopped, RP 10.10.10.10, flags: S
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:07:37/00:02:51
      Ethernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:09:51/00:03:08
(192.168.5.2, 224.2.80.80), 00:10:38/00:03:24, flags: T
      Incoming interface: Ethernet0, RPF nbr 192.168.2.1
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:07:37/00:02:51
RouterB#

///statically configured rp address
RouterB#show ip mro
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
            L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
            T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry,
            X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate MSDP Advertisement,
            U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, Z - Multicast Tunnel
            Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched
   Timers: Uptime/Expires
   Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode
(*, 224.2.169.22), 00:00:10/stopped, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: D
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:10/00:00:00
      Ethernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:10/00:00:00
(192.168.5.2, 224.2.169.22), 00:00:10/00:02:56, flags: T
      Incoming interface: Ethernet0, RPF nbr 192.168.2.1
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:10/00:00:00
(*, 224.0.1.40), 00:00:11/00:02:48, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: DCL
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:11/00:00:00
      Ethernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:11/00:00:00
(*, 224.2.80.80), 00:00:11/stopped, RP 0.0.0.0, flags: D
      Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:13/00:00:00
      Ethernet0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:13/00:00:00
(192.168.5.2, 224.2.80.80), 00:00:13/00:02:56, flags: T
      Incoming interface: Ethernet0, RPF nbr 192.168.2.1
   Outgoing interface list:
      Serial0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:13/00:00:00

xuchengtian · 发表于 2010-8-21 17:16:39

顶！！！

kakaju · 发表于 2012-2-12 14:27:19

学习!!

CA-IOS · 发表于 2012-3-30 19:32:19

dotacat · 发表于 2012-8-23 20:11:37

dotacat · 发表于 2012-8-23 20:12:16

dotacat · 发表于 2012-8-23 20:13:04

dotacat · 发表于 2012-8-23 20:15:38

思念飞絮 · 发表于 2012-10-29 21:52:22

哈哈哈啊哈哈

Fish_er21 · 发表于 2012-11-5 16:32:48

楼主辛苦啦！！

navyxx · 发表于 2013-1-5 10:05:20

，辛苦了，谢谢，要死楼主献上top图就更完美了

qianpeng4 · 发表于 2013-1-5 11:55:38

不错不错，支持顶个

eric0415 · 发表于 2013-7-26 14:37:41

云烟 · 发表于 2013-9-23 09:37:37

都快过来围观，楼主的好帖赞爆了

云烟 · 发表于 2013-9-24 09:47:35

都快过来围观，楼主的好帖赞爆了

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