现任明教教主ASA8.3 Object NAT/Twice NAT介绍

qq1209918812

Network Object NAT配置介绍
1.Dynamic NAT（动态NAT，动态一对一）
    实例一:
   传统配置方法：
   nat (Inside) 1 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
   global (Outside) 1 202.100.1.100-202.100.1.200

   新配置方法（Network Object NAT）
   object network Outside-Nat-Pool
     range 202.100.1.100 202.100.1.200
   object network Inside-Network
     subnet 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
   object network Inside-Network
     nat (Inside,Outside) dynamic Outside-Nat-Pool

    实例二:
   object network Outside-Nat-Pool
     range 202.100.1.100 202.100.1.200
   object network Outside-PAT-Address
     host 202.100.1.201
   object-group network Outside-Address
     network-object object Outside-Nat-Pool
     network-object object Outside-PAT-Address

  object network Inside-Network
（先100-200动态一对一，然后202.100.1.201动态PAT,最后使用接口地址动态PAT）
    nat (Inside,Outside) dynamic Outside-Address interface

  教主认为这种配置方式的好处是，新的NAT命令绑定了源接口和目的接口，所以不会出现传统配置影响DMZ的问题（当时需要nat0 + acl来旁路）

2.Dynamic PAT (Hide)（动态PAT，动态多对一）
   传统配置方式：
   nat (Inside) 1 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
   global(outside) 1 202.100.1.101

   新配置方法（Network Object NAT）  
   object network Inside-Network
     subnet 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
   object network Outside-PAT-Address
     host 202.100.1.101
   object network Inside-Network
     nat (Inside,Outside) dynamic Outside-PAT-Address
     or
     nat (Inside,Outside) dynamic 202.100.1.102

3.Static NAT or Static NAT with Port Translation（静态一对一转换，静态端口转换）
   实例一：（静态一对一转换）
   传统配置方式：
   static (Inside,outside) 202.100.1.101 10.1.1.1

   新配置方法（Network Object NAT）  
   object network Static-Outside-Address
     host 202.100.1.101
   object network Static-Inside-Address
     host 10.1.1.1

   object network Static-Inside-Address
     nat (Inside,Outside) static Static-Outside-Address
     or
     nat (Inside,Outside) static 202.100.1.102 <dns>

   实例二：（静态端口转换）
   传统配置方式：
   static (inside,outside) tcp 202.100.1.102 2323 10.1.1.1 23
　
　新配置方法（Network Object NAT）
   object network Static-Outside-Address
     host 202.100.1.101
   object network Static-Inside-Address
     host 10.1.1.1

　object network Static-Inside-Address
      nat (Inside,Outside) static Static-Outside-Address service tcp telnet 2323
      or
　   nat (Inside,Outside) static 202.100.1.101 service tcp telnet 2323

4.Identity NAT
   传统配置方式：
   nat (inside) 0 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

　新配置方法（Network Object NAT）
   object network Inside-Address
     host 10.1.1.1
   object network Inside-Address
     nat (Inside,Outside) static Inside-Address
     or
     nat (Inside,Outside) static 10.1.1.1

Twice NAT（类似于Policy NAT）
实例一：
传统配置:
access-list inside-to-1 permit ip 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 host 1.1.1.1
access-list inside-to-202 permit ip 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 host 202.100.1.1
nat (inside) 1 access-list inside-to-1
nat (inside) 2 access-list inside-to-202
global(outside) 1 202.100.1.101
global(outside) 2 202.100.1.102


新配置方法（Twice NAT）:
object network dst-1
host 1.1.1.1
object network dst-202
host 202.100.1.1
object network pat-1
host 202.100.1.101
object network pat-2
host 202.100.1.102
object network Inside-Network
subnet 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0

nat (Inside,Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-1 destination static dst-1 dst-1
nat (Inside,Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-2 destination static dst-202 dst-202




实例二：
传统配置:
access-list inside-to-1 permit ip 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 host 1.1.1.1
access-list inside-to-202 permit ip 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 host 202.100.1.1
nat (inside) 1 access-list inside-to-1
nat (inside) 2 access-list inside-to-202
global(outside) 1 202.100.1.101
global(outside) 2 202.100.1.102

static (outside,inside) 10.1.1.101 1.1.1.1
static (outside,inside) 10.1.1.102 202.100.1.1


新配置方法（Twice NAT）:
object network dst-1
host 1.1.1.1
object network dst-202
host 202.100.1.1
object network pat-1
host 202.100.1.101
object network pat-2
host 202.100.1.102
object network Inside-Network
subnet 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
object network map-dst-1
host 10.1.1.101
object network map-dst-202
host 10.1.1.102

nat (Inside,Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-1 destination static map-dst-1 dst-1
nat (Inside,Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-2 destination static map-dst-202 dst-202

实例三：
传统配置:
access-list inside-to-1 permit tcp 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 host 1.1.1.1 eq 23
access-list inside-to-202 permit tcp 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 host 202.100.1.1 eq 3032
nat (inside) 1 access-list inside-to-1
nat (inside) 2 access-list inside-to-202
global(outside) 1 202.100.1.101
global(outside) 1 202.100.1.102

新配置方法（Twice NAT）:
object network dst-1
host 1.1.1.1
object network dst-202
host 202.100.1.1
object network pat-1
host 202.100.1.101
object network pat-2
host 202.100.1.102
object network Inside-Network
subnet 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
object service telnet23
service tcp destination eq telnet
object service telnet3032
service tcp destination eq 3032

nat (Inside,Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-1 destination static dst-1 dst-1 service telnet23 telnet23
nat (Inside,Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-2 destination static dst-202 dst-202 service telnet3032 telnet3032


Main Differences Between Network Object NAT and Twice NAT（Network Object NAT和Twice NAT的主要区别）

How you define the real address.（从如何定义真实地址的角度来比较）
– Network object NAT—You define NAT as a parameter for a network object; the network object definition itself provides the real address. This method lets you easily add NAT to network objects. The objects can also be used in other parts of your configuration, for example, for access rules or even in twice NAT rules.
<NAT是network object的一个参数，network object定义自己为真实地址。这种配置方式，让你轻松的为network object 添加nat。这个object能够被用在配置的其它部分，例如：访问控制列表或者twice nat策略。>
– Twice NAT—You identify a network object or network object group for both the real and
mapped addresses. In this case, NAT is not a parameter of the network object; the network object or group is a parameter of the NAT configuration. The ability to use a network object group for the real address means that twice NAT is more scalable.
<为真实和映射后地址定义network object或者network object group。在twice nat中，NAT不是network object的一个参数，network object或者group是NAT配置的一个参数。能够为真实地址使用network object group，也体现了twice nat的可扩展性。 >

How source and destination NAT is implemented.(源和目的nat被运用)
– Network object NAT— Each rule can apply to either the source or destination of a packet. So two rules might be used, one for the source IP address, and one for the destination IP address. These two rules cannot be tied together to enforce a specific translation for a source/destination combination.
<每一个策略只能运用到数据包的源或者目的，如果要转换一个包的源和目的，需要使用两个策略，这两个策略不能绑定到一起来做实现特殊的源和目的的转换。>
– Twice NAT—A single rule translates both the source and destination. A matching packet only matches the one rule, and further rules are not checked. Even if you do not configure the optional destination address for twice NAT, a matching packet still only matches one twice NAT rule. The source and destination are tied together, so you can enforce different translations depending on the source/destination combination. For example, sourceA/destinationA can have a different translation than sourceA/destinationB.  
<一个单一策略，既能转换源也能转换目的。一个包只能匹配上一个策略，并且不再做进一步检查了。就算你没有配置twice nat的目的地址选项，一个数据包也只能匹配一个twice nat策略，目的和源被绑定到一起，因此你能够基于不同的源和目的做转换，例如:源A/目的A与源A/目的B转换不同>
We recommend using network object NAT unless you need the extra features that twice NAT provides. Network object NAT is easier to configure, and might be more reliable for applications such as Voice over IP (VoIP).
<我们推荐使用network object NAT,除非你明确需要twice nat所提供的特性。Network object nat非常容易配置，并且对语音等运用更加可靠>

NAT Rule Order



排序实例：
192.168.1.1/32 (static)
10.1.1.0/24 (static)
192.168.1.0/24 (static)
172.16.1.0/24 (dynamic) (object abc)
172.16.1.0/24 (dynamic) (object def)
192.168.1.0/24 (dynamic)

查看NAT顺序的命令:
ASA(config)# sh run nat
nat (Inside,Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-2 destination static dst-202 dst-202 service telnet3032 telnet3032
!
object network Inside-Network
nat (Inside,Outside) dynamic 202.100.1.105
!
nat (Inside,Outside) after-auto source dynamic Inside-Network pat-1 destination static dst-1 dst-1 service telnet23 telnet23

ASA(config)# sh nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (Inside) to (Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-2 destination static dst-202 dst-202 service telnet3032 telnet3032
    translate_hits = 1, untranslate_hits = 0

Auto NAT Policies (Section 2)
1 (Inside) to (Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network 202.100.1.105
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

Manual NAT Policies (Section 3)
1 (Inside) to (Outside) source dynamic Inside-Network pat-1 destination static dst-1 dst-1 service telnet23 telnet23
translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0



如何调整和插入NAT
nat (Inside,Outside) 1 source dynamic Inside-Network pat-1 destination static dst-1 dst-1 service telnet23 telnet23

leilei_pc

{:soso__5663373028670280397_3:}

LisOne

多谢共享

qq1209918812

BiA 发表于 2012-10-24 09:14

在路上

qiqiaizhu

不赖 不过这个新配置应该是ASA8.4以后的

wangpeng1980520

gerry2011

謝謝開版大大提供資料

skybaby008

膜拜神贴，后面的请保持队形~

maqizhao

走过路过,不能错过.

hoho5000

marriszhang

qic99

范庆华

支持  学习

phil

Thanks for your information.