FreeBsd5.4+pf+squid反向代理实战笔记

崔凯

1、硬件配置
HP NETSERVER 800 PⅢ1000 内存256M Inter82559网卡两张
2、分区情况
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
/dev/da0s1a 248M 54M 174M 24% /
devfs 1.0K 1.0K 0B 100% /dev
/dev/da0s1f 4.8G 130M 4.3G 3% /home
/dev/da0s1d 248M 12K 228M 0% /tmp
/dev/da0s1g 4.8G 565M 3.9G 12% /usr
/dev/da0s1e 5.8G 410K 5.3G 0% /var
3、系统安装情况
采用最小化安装
并且安装src和ports（原本打算采用ports安装，但是不知道怎么搞的，竟然不能cvs源码，当然也就不能通过ports安装，无奈之下只能采用源码编译）
4、内核编译
没有对内核采用优化，这里只是为了验证pf和squid结合做反向代理的可行性，在实际的生产应用中应该对服务器内核做一定程度的优化。


cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf
cp GENERIC cache


编辑内核cache在内核中添加如下选项

device pf
device pflog
device pfsync
options ALTQ
options ALTQ_CBQ


编译内核

/usr/sbin/config cache
cd ../config/cache
make depend
make
make install


至此内核编译完毕

reboot

5、让系统自动加载pf
编辑/etc/rc.conf

usbd_enable="NO"
defaultrouter="218.4.xxx.xxx"
hostname="cache.aaa.com"
ifconfig_fxp0="inet 218.4.xxx.xxx netmask 255.255.255.248"
ifconfig_fxp1="inet 192.168.2.10 netmask 255.255.255.0"
gateway_enable="YES"
inetd_enable="YES"
pf_enable="YES"
pf_rules="/etc/pf.conf"
pf_flags=""
pflog_enable="YES"
pflog_logfile="/var/log/pflog"
sshd_enable="YES"


6、打开ip转发
在/etc/sysctl.conf中添加如下内容

net.inet.ip.forwarding=1

7、实现共享上网，最简单的pf设置

wan_if="fxp0"
lan_if="fxp1"
inter_net="192.168.2.0/24"
web_server="192.168.2.3"
ftp_server="192.168.2.3"
scrub in all
nat on $wan_if from $inter_net to any -> fxp0
rdr on fxp1 proto tcp from $lan_if to any port 80 -> $lan_if port 80

rdr on fxp1 proto tcp from any to any port 21 -> 127.0.0.1 port 8021
#rdr on fxp0 proto tcp from any to $wan_if port 80 ->$web_server port 8080
#rdr on fxp1 proto tcp from $lan_if to $wan_if port 80 ->$web_server port 8080

rdr on $wan_if proto tcp from any to any port 21 -> $ftp_server port 21
rdr on $wan_if proto tcp from any to any port 49152:65535 -> $ftp_server port 49152:65535

# in on $wan_if
pass in quick on $wan_if proto tcp from any to $ftp_server port 21 keep state
pass in quick on $wan_if proto tcp from any to $ftp_server port > 49151 keep state

# out on $lan_if
pass out quick on $lan_if proto tcp from any to $ftp_server port 21 keep state
pass out quick on $lan_if proto tcp from any to $ftp_server port > 49151 keep state

#Disable danger port
#Danger_Port="{445 135 139 593 5554 9995 9996}"
#block quick on $wan_if inet proto tcp from any to any port $Danger_Port
#block quick on $wan_if inet proto tcp from any to any port $Danger_Port
pass in all
pass out all



（最后这两条在实际的应用中是不可靠的，应该先限制所有，然后逐步打开自己需要的服务）
pf的设置到此基本完毕
下面开始squid部分
1、安装squid


./configure --enable-useragent-log
--enable-referer-log
--enable-default-err-language=Simplify_Chinese
--enable-err-languages="Simplify_Chinese English"
--disable-internal-dns
--enable-pf-transparent
#make
#make install
#mkdir /home/cache(创建存放cache的目录)


2、增加squid运行的用户和用户组（我的都设为squid）

chown squid:squid /home/cache
ee /usr/local/squid/etc/squid.conf


在/etc/hosts中加入内部的DNS解析，比如我的：

192.168.2.2 www.aaa.com
192.168.2.3 mail.aaa.com


3、下面开始配置squid.conf文件（下面是我的配置文件）

visible_hostname cache . example.com
cache_dir ufs /home/cache 1024 16 256
cache_mem 100 MB
cache_effective_user squid
cache_effective_group squid
http_port 80

httpd_accel_host virtual
httpd_accel_single_host off
httpd_accel_port 80
httpd_accel_uses_host_header on
httpd_accel_with_proxy on
# accelerater my domain only
acl acceleratedHostA dstdomain . example1.com
#acl acceleratedHostB dstdomain .example2.com
#acl acceleratedHostC dstdomain .example3.com
# accelerater http protocol on port 80
acl acceleratedProtocol protocol HTTP
acl acceleratedPort port 80
# access arc
acl all src 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0
# Allow requests when they are to the accelerated machine AND to the
# right port with right protocol
http_access allow acceleratedProtocol acceleratedPort acceleratedHostA
#http_access allow acceleratedProtocol acceleratedPort acceleratedHostB
#http_access allow acceleratedProtocol acceleratedPort acceleratedHostC
# logging
emulate_httpd_log on
cache_store_log none
# manager
acl manager proto cache_object
http_access allow manager all
cachemgr_passwd pass all



squid.conf文件配置完成
4、目录权限设置

chown –R squid:squid /home/cache

创建日志文件，默认的在/usr/local/squid/var/access.log
5、创建缓存目录：

/usr/local/squid/sbin/squid -z

启动squid

/usr/local/squid/sbin/squid
在这个笔记中我的构建意图是
web服务通过squid反向代理来完成
至于其他（我现在只有ftp）服务则通过pf来完成
那么为了完成这个目标我们还需要在pf规则中添加如下语句


rdr on $lan_if proto tcp from $lan_if to any port 80 -> $lan_if port 80

（$lan_if是我网关机的内网卡）凡是对80端口的访问，都统统转发到网关上Squid侦听端口80，而在pf规则中只允许ftp服务通过（疑问是外网访问呢，是否也需要添加类似的这句呢）
至此，FreeBsd5.4+pf+squid反向代理基本完成。