通过黑名单和白名单控制用户访问的网站
组网需求如图5-5所示，DeviceA作为企业网关部署在网络边界，对用户访问外部网络的URL访问请求进行URL过滤。公司有研发部门员工和市场部门员工两类，具体需求如下：[*]对研发部门员工实行白名单管理，只允许访问与工作相关的URL（以www.example.com/working开头的URL）和hostname为www.example.org的URL，除此之外，其他URL均不允许访问。
[*]对市场部门员工实行黑名单管理，除了以www.example.net开头的URL不允许访问之外，其他URL均可以正常访问。
图5-5 通过黑名单和白名单控制用户访问的网站https://download.huawei.com/mdl/image/download?uuid=637f86ab7135443eb18a28213f74971d本例中interface1、interface2分别代表10GE0/0/1、10GE0/0/2。
https://download.huawei.com/mdl/image/download?uuid=d3458a0702124c4f8cfa44e924aee19f
配置思路
[*]配置接口IP地址和安全区域，完成网络基本参数配置。
[*]针对研发部门员工，新建URL过滤配置文件profile_url_research，增加白名单URL规则（www.example.com/working/*）和HOST规则（www.example.org），并设置所有预定义分类的动作为阻断，同时设置缺省动作为阻断（URL未匹配白名单和预定义分类时，设备采取缺省动作，以此实现对白名单之外的URL进行访问控制）。
[*]针对市场部门员工，新建URL过滤配置文件profile_url_marketing，增加黑名单URL规则（www.example.net*），并设置所有预定义分类的动作为允许，同时设置缺省动作为允许（URL未匹配黑名单和预定义分类时，设备采取缺省动作，以此实现对黑名单之外的URL进行访问控制）。
[*]配置两个安全策略，分别引用URL过滤配置文件，实现对来自不同部门的员工的URL访问控制。
操作步骤
配置接口IP地址和安全区域，完成网络基本参数配置。
<HUAWEI> system-view
sysname DeviceA
interface 10ge 0/0/1
ip address 1.1.1.1 24
quit
interface 10ge 0/0/2
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 sub
quit
firewall zone untrust
add interface 10ge 0/0/1
quit
firewall zone trust
add interface 10ge 0/0/2
quit
配置URL过滤配置文件。
为研发部门配置URL过滤配置文件。
profile type url-filter name profile_url_research
default action block
category pre-defined action block
add whitelist url www.example.com/working/*
add whitelist host www.example.org
quit
为市场部门配置URL过滤配置文件。
profile type url-filter name profile_url_marketing
default action allow
category pre-defined action allow
add blacklist url www.example.net*
quit
在安全策略中应用URL过滤配置文件。
为研发部门配置安全策略。
security-policy
rule name policy_sec_research
description Security policy of web access protect for research.
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.1.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
profile url-filter profile_url_research
quit
为市场部门配置安全策略。
rule name policy_sec_marketing
description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
profile url-filter profile_url_marketing
quit
quit
提交内容安全配置文件。
engine configuration commit
Info: The operation may last for several minutes, please wait.
Info: URL submitted configurations successfully.
Info: Finish committing engine compiling.
检查配置结果
研发部门任何员工只能正常访问与工作相关的URL（以www.example.com/working开头的URL）和hostname为www.example.org的URL，其余均被阻断。可访问URL举例：
www.example.com/working/index.htm
www.example.com/working/todo
www.example.org
www.example.org/network
研发部门员工访问其他网站时，管理员可以看到Type（过滤类型）为“Timeout or default action”或“Pre-defined”，Action（动作）为“Block”的URL日志信息（URL/4/FILTER）。
市场部门任何员工访问以www.example.net开头的URL均被阻断，其余网站均可以正常访问。不可访问URL举例：
www.example.net
www.example.net/index.html
www.example.net/game
市场部门员工访问以www.example.net开头的URL时， 管理员可以看到Type（过滤类型）为“Blacklist”，Action（动作）为“Block”的URL日志信息（URL/4/FILTER）。
配置脚本
#
sysname DeviceA
#
interface 10GE0/0/1
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface 10GE0/0/2
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 sub
#
firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface 10GE0/0/2
#
firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface 10GE0/0/1
#
profile type url-filter name profile_url_research
add whitelist url www.example.com/working/*
add whitelist host www.example.org
category pre-defined subcategory-id 101 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 102 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 162 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 163 action block
category pre-defined subcategory-id 164 action block
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category pre-defined subcategory-id 103 action block
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default action block
profile type url-filter name profile_url_marketing
add blacklist url www.example.net*
#
security-policy
rule name policy_sec_research
description Security policy of web access protect for research.
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.1.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
profile url-filter profile_url_research
action permit
rule name policy_sec_marketing
description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
profile url-filter profile_url_marketing
action permit
#
return
{:6_267:} {:6_264:}{:6_264:}{:6_264:}{:6_264:} {:6_264:}{:6_264:}
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