常用的 IPv6 地址汇总
本帖最后由 小乔 于 2022-12-12 23:20 编辑一、单播地址：
1、特殊地址：
::/128 — 未指定地址
::1/128 — 用于到本地主机的环回地址
2、链路本地地址：
FE80::/10（ FE80:: ~ FEBF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）
3、Local IPv6 unicast addresses（本地 IPv6 单播地址，可以理解为私有地址）：
FC::/7（ FC00:: ~ FDFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）— 在 RFC 4193 中定义
FEC0::/10（ FEC0:: ~ FEEF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）— 已经废弃的私有地址
4、全球单播地址：
2000::/3（ 2000:: ~ 3FFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）
5、用于 Teredo 通道：
2001::/32（ 2001:: ~ 2001::FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）
6、用于 ORCHIDv2 ：
2001:20::/28（ 2001:20:: ~ 2001:2F:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）
7、用于文档和示例源代码中的地址：
2001: DB8::/32（ 2001: DB8:: ~ 2001: DB8:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）
8、用于 6 to 4 Tunnel ：
2002::/16（ 2002:: ~ 2002:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）
9、IPv6 有两种内嵌 IPv4 的方式：
::0:0/96（ ::0:0 ~ ::FFFF:FFFF ）— IPv4 兼容地址，格式也可写为 ::A.B.C.D ，其中 < A.B.C.D > 代表 IPv4 地址，例如 ::192.168.89.9 ，等价于 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:c0a8:5909 ；
::FFFF:0:0/96（ ::FFFF:0:0 ~ ::FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）— IPv4 映射地址，格式也可写为 ::FFFF:A.B.C.D ，其中 < A.B.C.D > 代表 IPv4 地址，例如 ::FFFF:192.168.89.9 ，等价于 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:ffff:c0a8:5909 。
需要注意的是，IPv4 兼容地址已经被舍弃了，所以今后的设备和程序中可能不会支持这种地址格式。但 IPv4 映射地址似乎也不推荐使用，因为从操作系统层面来看也不是那么地安全，详情请点击这里。
10、用于 IPv4 / IPv6 转换：
64:FF9B::/96（ 64:FF9B:: ~ 64:FF9B::FFFF:FFFF ）— 由 RFC 6052 中定义
11、其他废除的前缀 ：
100::/64（ 100:: ~ 100::FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）— RFC 6666 中废除的前缀
2001:10::/28（ 2001:10:: ~ 2001:1F:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF ）— 先前用于 ORCHID
二、组播地址：
组播地址格式由 RFC 3513 定义。
1、所有组播地址：
FF00::/8
2、Node-Local Scope：
FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 所有节点（主机）的组播地址（All Nodes Address）
FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 所有路由器的组播地址（All Routers Address）
FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 在相同节点下作为发送者的所有 NTP（Network Time Protocol）服务器（all NTP servers on the same node as the sender）
FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:109 在相同节点下用于组播传输协议（MTP，Multicast Transport Protocol）
3、Link-Local Scope：
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 所有节点（主机）的组播地址（All the nodes of the link）
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 所有路由器的组播地址（All the routers of the link）
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:3 Unassigned
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:4 DVMRP Routers
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:5 所有 OSPF 路由器组播地址（OSPFIGP）
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:6 所有 OSPF 的 DR 路由器组播地址（OSPFIGP Designated Routers）
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:7 ST Routers
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:8 ST Hosts
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:9 所有 RIP 路由器组播地址（RIP Routers）
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:A EIGRP Routers
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:B Mobile-Agents
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0: D 所有 PIM 路由器组播地址（All the PIM routers of the link）
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:E RSVP-ENCAPSULATION
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 在相同链路下作为发送者的所有 NTP（Network Time Protocol）服务器（all NTP servers on the same link as the sender）
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:109 在相同链路下用于组播传输协议（MTP，Multicast Transport Protocol）
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:1:1 Link Name
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:1:2 All-dhcp-agents
FF02:0:0:0:0:1:FFxx:xxxx
（FF02::1:FFxx:xxxx/104） 请求节点组播地址（Solicited-Node Address）
4、Site-Local Scope：
FF05:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 站点本地范围所有路由器组播地址（All the routers of the site）
FF05:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 在相同站点下作为发送者的所有 NTP（Network Time Protocol）服务器（all NTP servers at the same site as the sender）
FF05:0:0:0:0:0:0:109 在相同站点下用于组播传输协议（MTP，Multicast Transport Protocol）
FF05:0:0:0:0:0:1:3 All-dhcp-servers
FF05:0:0:0:0:0:1:4 All-dhcp-relays
FF05:0:0:0:0:0:1:1000 ~ FF05:0:0:0:0:0:1:13FF Service Location
5、Global Scope：
FF0E:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 在互联网上所有的 NTP（Network Time Protocol）服务器（all NTP servers in the Internet）
FF0E:0:0:0:0:0:0:109 在互联网上用于组播传输协议（MTP，Multicast Transport Protocol）
6、SSM addresses range：
FF3x::/32（Only addresses in FF3x::/96 should be used now，由 RFC 3306 定义）
三、关于 IPv6 组播地址的 scope：
摘自 RFC 2373 —— IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture，Page 14：
An IPv6 multicast address is an identifier for a group of nodes.A
node may belong to any number of multicast groups.Multicast
addresses have the following format:
| 8 |4 |4 | 112 bits |
+------ -+----+----+---------------------------------------------+
|11111111|flgs|scop| group ID |
+--------+----+----+---------------------------------------------+
11111111 at the start of the address identifies the address as
being a multicast address.
+-+-+-+-+
flgs is a set of 4 flags: |0|0|0|T|
+-+-+-+-+
The high-order 3 flags are reserved, and must be initialized to
0.
T = 0 indicates a permanently-assigned ("well-known") multicast
address, assigned by the global internet numbering authority.
T = 1 indicates a non-permanently-assigned ("transient")
multicast address.
scop is a 4-bit multicast scope value used to limit the scope of
the multicast group.The values are:
0reserved
1node-local scope
2link-local scope
3(unassigned)
4(unassigned)
5site-local scope
6(unassigned)
7(unassigned)
8organization-local scope
9(unassigned)
A(unassigned)
B(unassigned)
C(unassigned)
D(unassigned)
Eglobal scope
Freserved
group ID identifies the multicast group, either permanent or
transient, within the given scope.
四、All Scope Multicast Addresses：
以下地址在 RFC 2375 中定义。
注意：X 表示 IPv6 组播地址的 scope 。
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 Reserved Multicast Address
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:100 VMTP Managers Group
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 Network Time Protocol (NTP)
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:102 SGI-Dogfight
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:103 Rwhod
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:104 VNP
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:105 Artificial Horizons – Aviator
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:106 NSS – Name Service Server
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:107 AUDIONEWS – Audio News Multicast
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:108 SUN NIS+ Information Service
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:109 MTP Multicast Transport Protocol
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:10A IETF-1-LOW-AUDIO
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:10B IETF-1-AUDIO
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:10C IETF-1-VIDEO
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:10D IETF-2-LOW-AUDIO
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:10E IETF-2-AUDIO
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:10F IETF-2-VIDEO
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:110 MUSIC-SERVICE
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:111 SEANET-TELEMETRY
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:112 SEANET-IMAGE
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:113 MLOADD
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:114 any private experiment
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:115 DVMRP on MOSPF
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:116 SVRLOC
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:117 XINGTV <hgxing@aol.com>
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:118 microsoft-ds <arnoldm@microsoft.com>
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:119 nbc-pro <bloomer@birch.crd.ge.com>
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:11A nbc-pfn <bloomer@birch.crd.ge.com>
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:11B lmsc-calren-1
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:11C lmsc-calren-2
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:11D lmsc-calren-3
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:11E lmsc-calren-4
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:11F ampr-info
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:120 mtrace
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:121 RSVP-encap-1
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:122 RSVP-encap-2
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:123 SVRLOC-DA
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:124 rln-server
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:125 proshare-mc
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:126 dantz
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:127 cisco-rp-announce
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:128 cisco-rp-discovery
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:129 gatekeeper
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:12A iberiagames
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:201 “rwho” Group (BSD) (unofficial)
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:0:202 SUN RPC PMAPPROC_CALLIT
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:2:0000 ~ FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:2:7FFD Multimedia Conference Calls
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:2:7FFE SAPv1 Announcements
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:2:7FFF SAPv0 Announcements (deprecated)
FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:2:8000 ~ FF0X:0:0:0:0:0:2:FFFF SAP Dynamic Assignments
引用：
一、References
Hinden, R., and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing
Architecture", RFC 2373, July 1998.
Thompson, S., and T. Narten, "IPv6 Stateless Address
Autoconfiguration", RFC 1971, August 1996.
Crawford, M., "Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet
Networks", Work in Progress.
Cheriton, D., "VMTP: Versatile Message Transaction Protocol
Specification", RFC 1045, February 1988.
Waitzman, D., Partridge, C., and S. Deering, "Distance
Vector Multicast Routing Protocol", RFC 1075, November
1988.
Deering, S., "Host Extensions for IP Multicasting", STD 5,
RFC 1112, Stanford University, August 1989.
Mills, D., "Network Time Protocol (Version 1),
Specification and Implementation", STD 12, RFC 1119, July
1988.
Topolcic, C., Editor, "Experimental Internet Stream
Protocol, Version 2 (ST-II)", RFC 1190, October 1990.
Malkin, G., and R. Minnear, "RIPng for IPv6", RFC 2080,
January 1997.
Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
Veizades, J., Guttman, E., Perkins, C., and S. Kaplan
"Service Location Protocol", RFC 2165 June 1997.
Moy, J., "OSPF Version 2", STD 54, RFC 2328, April 1998.
二、People
<arnoldm@microsoft.com>
Andrew Cherenson <arc@SGI.COM>
Bob Braden, <braden@isi.edu>, April 1996.
David J. Bressler, <bressler@tss.com>, April 1996.
<bloomer@birch.crd.ge.com>
Jim Bound <bound@zk3.dec.com>
Brendan Eic <brendan@illyria.wpd.sgi.com>
Bruce Factor <ahi!bigapple!bruce@uunet.UU.NET>
Bill Schilit <schilit@parc.xerox.com>
Steve Casner, <casner@isi.edu>, January 1995.
Chuck McManis <cmcmanis@sun.com>
David Mills <Mills@HUEY.UDEL.EDU>
Dave Cheriton <cheriton@PESCADERO.STANFORD.EDU>
Daniel Steinber <Daniel.Steinberg@Eng.Sun.COM>
Dino Farinacci, <dino@cisco.com>
Gary S. Malkin <GMALKIN@XYLOGICS.COM>
Dan Harrington, <dan@lucent.com>, July 1996.
<hgxing@aol.com>
IANA <iana@iana.org>
Rob Janssen, <rob@pe1chl.ampr.org>, January 1995.
Jon Postel <postel@isi.edu>
Jim Miner <miner@star.com>
Brian Kean, <bkean@dca.com>, August 1995.
<mystery contact>
Choon Lee, <cwl@nsd.3com.com>, April 1996.
Mark Lewis, <Mark_Lewis@ccm.jf.intel.com>, October 1995.
Carl Malamud, <carl@radio.com>, January 1996.
Jose Luis Marocho, <73374.313@compuserve.com>, July 1996.
John Moy <jmoy@casc.com>
Martin Forssen <maf@dtek.chalmers.se>
Charlie Perkins, <cperkins@corp.sun.com>
Steve Casner <casner@isi.edu>
Bill Simpson <bill.simpson@um.cc.umich.edu> November 1994.
Susie Armstrong <Armstrong.wbst128@XEROX.COM>
Steve Deering <deering@PARC.XEROX.COM>
Dermot Tynan, <dtynan@claddagh.ie>, August 1995.
Jim Toga, <jtoga@ibeam.jf.intel.com>, May 1996.
Yea Uang <uang@force.decnet.lockheed.com> November 1994.
John Veizades,<veizades@tgv.com>, May 1995.
Dotty Yackle, <ditty_yackle@dantz.com>, February 1996.
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